Configure Kerberos Authentication in Hortonworks Hadoop HDP 2.2

Author: Kuldeep Kulkarni /

Posted on: May 3, 2015 /

Categories: Hadoop

This is quick and short tutorial to install and configure Kerberos authentication in hortonworks Hadoop cluster hdp2.2.

Here is my setup environment:

Kerberos Server: kerberos.crazyadmins.com

Kerberos Client: myclient.crazyadmins.com

Test Hadoop Hortonworks 2.2 Cluster: myclient.crazyadmins.com

Prerequisites:

Please ensure that Kerberos server and Client/Hadoop cluster should have each other’s entry in /etc/hosts file and they should be ping-able to each other.

Let’s get started!

Step 1: Install krb server packages on Kerberos Server

On kerberos.crazyadmins.com execute below command:

yum –y install krb5-server krb5-libs krb5-auth-dialog krb5-workstation

Step 2: Edit /etc/krb5.conf and change the default REALM

Edit “/etc/krb5.conf” on kerberos.crazyadmins.com

It should look like below:

[root@kerberos ~]# cat /etc/krb5.conf
[logging]
default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log
kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log
admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log
[libdefaults]
default_realm = crazyadmins.com
dns_lookup_realm = false
dns_lookup_kdc = false
ticket_lifetime = 24h
renew_lifetime = 7d
forwardable = true
[realms]
crazyadmins.com = {
kdc = kerberos.crazyadmins.com
admin_server = kerberos.crazyadmins.com
} 
[domain_realm]
.kerberos.crazyadmins.com = crazyadmins.com
kerberos.crazyadmins.com = crazyadmins.com

Note – crazyadmins.com is my default realm

Step 3: Create Kerberos database

Run below command to create db on kerberos.crazyadmins.com

/usr/sbin/kdb5_util create -s

Step 4: Start the Core Kerberos services

Execute below commands on kerberos.crazyadmins.com

/etc/rc.d/init.d/krb5kdc start

/etc/rc.d/init.d/kadmin start

Step 5: Install and configure Kerberos Client

Use below command to install kerberos client on myclient.crazyadmins.com (Client machine)

yum install krb5-workstation

Note: Please copy modified krb5.conf obtained from step 2 to myclient.crazyadmins.com (Kerberos client and Hadoop cluster)

Step 6: Create the principals by following automated method

6.1 Go to Ambari server admin UI –> Admin –> Security –> Enable Security –> Enter your realm instead of EXAMPLE.COM (here we have used crazyadmins.com)

6.2 Then Click Next –> Download CSV files containing list of nodes, principals & keytabs.

6.3 Then Go to Ambari server and execute below commands:

6.4 /var/lib/ambari-server/resources/scripts/keytabs.sh host-principal-keytab-list.csv > keytabs-generate.sh

6.5 Copy the generated keytabs-generate.sh to your Kerberos server. (Copy keytabs-generate.sh from myclient.crazyadmins.com to kerberos.crazyadmins.com)

cp keytabs-generate.sh kerberos.crazyadmins.com:~

6.6 Run keytabs-generate.sh with sudo. This creates a tar file for each node/host in your Hadoop cluster. Each tar contains the keytabs needed to be on that host.

6.7 Copy each tar file to the right host and unzip it to the root directory (it already contains the correct directory structure).

Note – Please ensure that your keytab files are there at correct location on Kerberos i.e. /etc/security/keytabs

Step 7: Please set permissions of your keytab files by running below script.

Note – If you are using multi-node cluster then you need to run this script on each host. Please ignore errors if you get file not found.

Create permissions.sh (or give any favorite name to your script) on your home directory, copy all the below contents in it and run it on all the kerberos client machines.

chown root:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs
chmod 750 /etc/security/keytabs
chown ambari:ambari /etc/security/keytabs/ambari.keytab
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/ambari.keytab 
chown hdfs:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/nn.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/nn.service.keytab
chown root:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab 
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab
chown ambari-qa:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/smokeuser.headless.keytab
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/smokeuser.headless.keytab
chown hdfs:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/hdfs.headless.keytab
chown hbase:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/hbase.headless.keytab
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/hbase.headless.keytab
chown hdfs:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/dn.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/dn.service.keytab
chown  mapred:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/jhs.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/jhs.service.keytab 
chown root:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab 
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab
chown yarn:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/rm.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/rm.service.keytab
chown yarn:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/nm.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/nm.service.keytab
chown oozie:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/oozie.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/oozie.service.keytab
chown root:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab 
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab
chown hive:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/hive.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/hive.service.keytab
chown root:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab 
chmod 440 /etc/security/keytabs/spnego.service.keytab
chown hbase:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/hbase.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/hbase.service.keytab
chown zookeeper:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/zk.service.keytab 
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/zk.service.keytab
chown nagios:nagios /etc/security/keytabs/nagios.service.keytab
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/nagios.service.keytab
chown hdfs:hadoop /etc/security/keytabs/jn.service.keytab
chmod 400 /etc/security/keytabs/jn.service.keytab

Step 8: Verify that the correct keytab files and principals are associated with the correct service using the klist command. For example, on the NameNode:

klist –k -t /etc/security/keytabs/nn.service.keytab

Step 8: Click apply in Ambari server to apply the security settings.

Step 9: If zookeeper does not start then check this out http://spryinc.com/blog/configuring-kerberos-security-hortonworks-data-platform-20 (Hadoop / Ambari configuration, part 2 section)

Step 10: Once your services are started, try running some Hadoop command by root user

[kuldeepk@myclient ~]# hadoop fs -ls /
ls: Failed on local exception: java.io.IOException: javax.security.sasl.SaslException: GSS initiate failed [Caused by GSSException: No valid credentials provided (Mechanism level: Failed to find any Kerberos tgt)]; Host Details : local host is: "myclient.crazyadmins.com/10.200.100.212"; destination host is: "myclient.crazyadmins.com":8020;

You got an error and Yes! It’s expected because root user does not have any valid TGT!

Step 11: Add principal for root user and get a ticket granting ticket

Run below commands on Kerberos server and remember password.

[root@kerberos ~]# kadmin.local
kadmin.local: addprinc kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com
WARNING: no policy specified for kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal "kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com":
Re-enter password for principal "kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com":
Principal "kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com" created.
kadmin.local:

Step12: Initiate a TGT and enjoy hadooping

On Kerberos client run below command & enter password to get a TGT

[kuldeepk@myclient ~]$ kinit kuldeepk
Password for kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com:

Verify your ticket by klist command

[kuldeepk@myclient ~]$ klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_1003
Default principal: kuldeepk@crazyadmins.com
Valid starting     Expires           Service principal
04/30/15 22:11:15 05/01/15 22:11:14 krbtgt/crazyadmins.com@crazyadmins.com
       renew until 04/30/15 22:11:15
[kuldeepk@ myclient ~]$

Please comment below if you have any questions! Your Feedback is appreciated